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荒誕中的真實(shí)：評(píng)析塞繆爾.貝克特的《等待戈多》
畢業(yè)論文
The Absurdity in the Reality: An Analysis of Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot
Abstract
Beckett is a famous playwright and novelist in Irish, Waiting for Godot (1953) is his well-known work, and it is a drama which has the influence in world-wide scale. There are a lot of discuss about the contents and express-way of Waiting for Godot. As a representative play of the drama of the absurd, Beckett wrote this drama in a different way which opposites the traditional form of drama, and the writer used this anti-traditional form to express his recognition to the absurd world. The main features are anti-plot, anti-character, and anti-language. So, we can say that this is a revolt drama. Martin Esslin thought this drama reflect the moral condition of western modern people, and the moral crisis. Therefore, I will introduce the logical knowledge about the drama of the absurd in the first part. Then, in the second part, I will analyze the absurdity of the drama on the basic of the logical knowledge. The point of the third part is the reality of the drama which reflects, and the reality is the plight of existence and moral crisis.
Key Words: Waiting for Godot; absurdity; reality; moral crisis; meaning of life
摘 要
貝克特是愛(ài)爾蘭著名的劇作家和小說(shuō)家，他的《等待戈多》（1953）是1部在世界范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生重大影響的荒誕派戲劇，其內(nèi)容和表現(xiàn)手法引起了后人的眾多討論。作為荒誕派戲劇的代表性作品，《等待戈多》1劇采用了1種和傳統(tǒng)戲劇完全迥異的手法來(lái)表現(xiàn)劇作家對(duì)這個(gè)荒誕世界的認(rèn)識(shí)，這主要表現(xiàn)在反情節(jié)，反人物，反語(yǔ)言等幾個(gè)方面。可以說(shuō)，這是1部“反叛”的戲劇。著名戲劇理論家埃斯林認(rèn)為這部戲劇體現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代西方人的1種精神狀態(tài)，以及由此派生出來(lái)的信仰危機(jī)和精神危機(jī)。因此，本文將先在第1部分介紹荒誕派戲劇的起源和特點(diǎn)等理論知識(shí)，繼而，第2部分將在理論知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上來(lái)分析該劇在表現(xiàn)手法上的荒誕性，第3部分將重點(diǎn)該劇如何真實(shí)的反映了當(dāng)代人類(lèi)的1種生存困境和精神危機(jī)。
關(guān)鍵詞：《等待戈多》、荒誕、真實(shí)、精神危機(jī)、生命的意義
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