喊著口號，輕松記憶虛擬語氣
眾所周知，虛擬語氣與真實語氣相反，表示說話人的建議 、假設 、愿望，很多同學對此很頭痛，而不表示客觀存在的事實。在日常的教學中，我是用“一二三四五”，這樣一種方式進行分類記憶的。但愿大家讀完后，虛擬語氣會有所進步，思路會變得清晰。一、一個句式：It is high/about time that…
該結構往往用來表示早該做而未做的事情。從句中的動詞常常使用過去式。從句謂語通常用過去式表示 (早)該干某事了
注意：有時也用過去進行時或“should+動詞原形”(較少見，且should不能省略)
It’s time we went /were going /should go. 我們該走了。
It is high time that we went to bed.我們早該去睡覺了。
It is time that the children had lunch/should have lunch.這些孩子真該吃午飯去了。
It is about time that you gave the little girl a hand. 你該幫幫這個小女孩。
注意：該結構不可混淆“It is time for sth”或者“It is time for sb to do sth”，意為“是某人做什么的時間了”。
It is time for class.到上課的時候了。
It is time for her to answer the question.是該她回答問題的時候了。
二、兩個詞組：第一組以w開頭的短語wish和would rather,第二組都含有單詞if，if only 和 as if，仔細觀察后，不難發現它們的虛擬均是“從句都往過去推一個時態”。
We wish we had large wings.我們希望能有雙大大的翅膀。
He wished he hadn’t said that. 他希望他沒講那樣的話。
I wish I remembered his E-mail.我真希望記住他的電子郵箱。
I would rather you hadn’t told me the truth. 我寧愿你沒有把真相告訴我。
If only one had an unlimited supply of money!要是財源不斷就好了！
If only I had another chance to study German.要是我再有一次學習德語的機會就好了。
I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.我覺得自己高興得心花怒放。
It looks as if she’s gone away for a few days.好像她已出去好幾天了。
He behaves as if he had no common sense.他的言行就好像沒有常識似的。
注意：would rather后如果接動詞要加動詞原形，關鍵要看后面有沒有主語。
I would rather stay at home alone.我寧愿獨自呆在家。
I would rather die than live in disgrace.我寧可死，也不愿忍辱偷生。
三、If虛擬條件句分三種時態：與現在事實相反、與過去事實相反、與將來事實相反。
特別注意：
1. would/should/could/might 主句謂語中的should主要用于第一人稱后；would表示結果還表示過去經常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允許或可能性。
2．錯綜時間虛擬條件句，即條件從句與主句所指時間不一致，如從句指過去，而主句即指的是現在或將來，此時應根據具體的語境情況，結合上面提到的三種基本類型對時態作相應的調整：
If it had rained heavily last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下大雨的話，現在地面就會是濕的。
You would be much better now if you had followed the doctor’s advice. 假若你當時聽醫生的話，你現在就會好多了。
3.與將來相反的虛擬條件句，是高考的一個出題方向，因為它不僅涉及到虛擬，還有倒裝和強調涵蓋其中（If虛擬條件句的倒裝形式，即把if 省略，把were, had, should置于句首），同學們要多加慎重。(09天津15)
This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
該題應選B項，還可以加強點難度。
This printer is of good quality. _______ it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. WouldB. Should C. Could D. Might
此時仍應選擇B項。
如果改為下題呢?
This printer is of good quality. _______ it to break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. Would B. Should C. Could D. Were
此時答案應為D項。
Had the boy worked harder, he the exams.
A. must have got through
B. could get through
C. ought to get through
D. would have got through
屬于與過去相反的虛擬行列，從句省略了if, had提在主語前面倒裝了，所以主句應為would/should/could/might + have done的形式，答案應為D項。
四、四種動詞：表“建議, 命令,請求,敦促”后跟的賓語從句，或者它們對應的名詞相關的各種名詞性從句,常常使用should+V原,should可以省略。
（建議advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令order, command請求 demand, require, request敦促urge） I suggest you not buy sony. 我建議你別買索尼的。
They required that I (should) go there tonight.他們要求我今晚到那里去。
I urge that employers and employees work together, to build up mutual understanding so as to help tide them over these difficult times. 目前最重要的，就是雇主和雇員能更多溝通協調，彼此體諒，共渡困境。
The doctor strongly recommended that he take a holiday.醫生竭力勸他去休假。
注意：suggest后面接動詞時，要跟動名詞形式；只有在表示建議時而且后面加句子，才使用虛擬語氣。當suggest做“暗示 、表明”講時，就不使用虛擬了。
His words suggested (that) he was unhappy.他的話語表明他不快活。
類似的還有insist。
She insisted that I was wrong and that I should make a public apology to them.她堅持認為我錯了并且要求我想他們公開道歉。（前半句做“堅持認為”未用虛擬；后半句做“堅決要求”使用了虛擬）
John insisted that I be present.約翰堅持要我出席。(堅決要求)
He insisted on/upon my going with him.（堅決主張;一定要）他堅持要我跟他一起去。
I insist on seeing it.我一定要見到它。
五、五個常見含蓄條件句
有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中并不總是出現if引導的條件句，而通過其他手段來代替條件句。
I was busy that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet. (副詞Otherwise)
= I would have taken part in the sports meet,but I was busy that day.
He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. (連詞or)
A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days. （定語從句）
Without/but for electricity human life would be quite difficult today.（介詞）
Everything taken into account, they would have raised their salaryquickly. (獨立主格結構)
虛擬語氣專題強化訓練
1.I didn’t see your sister at the party. If she _____, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come
C. came D. had come
2. It’s unlikely that it will rain tomorrow. But if it _________, I would still go to the park.
A. should rain B. would rain
C. rains D. had rained
3.Had you listened to the doctor, you ____ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
4. _______, he would have passed the exam.
A. If he were to study B. If he studied hard
C. Had he studied hard D. Should he study hard
5. The pilot kept calm in the terrible storm, otherwise an accident ________.
A. couldn’t be prevented
B. mustn’t have prevented
C. wouldn’t have been prevented
D. shouldn’t prevent
6. Without his help, we ___ such rapid progress.
A. don’t make B. would not make
C. didn’t make D. would not have made
7. If only I ____ to my parents’ advice!
A. listening B. listen
C. am listening D. had listened
8. The parents of the boy insisted that Dr. Smith ______ their son and ______in charge of the operation.
A. treated; should be B. should treat; be
C. treat; was D. would treat; would be
9.My suggestion is that we _____ a few more assistants to help the engineer working busily on the machine.
A. sends B. sending
C. to send D. send
10.How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden!
A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
11.He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
12.What would have happened ______, as far as the river bank?
A.Bob had walked farther
B.If Bob should walk farther
C.Had Bob walked farther
D.If Bob walked farther
13.A group was formed to demand that the bus company _____ its unfair practices and Mr King was made president.
A. would change B. change
C. changed D. to change
14. Should green plants disappear some day, _____ on the earth.
A. there will hardly be any life
B. there will be no life
C. there must have been no life
D. there would hardly be any life
15._____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A. Would you be B. Should you be
C. Could you be D. Might you be
16.The teacher ordered a lot of exercises _____ three day’s time.
A.be finished B.、would be finished
C.to finish D.being finished
17.But for your timely help,the boy _____ his life.
A.will los B.has surely lost
C.might have lost D.shouldn’t have lost
18.I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .
A.can;it B./; / C. would;it D. may; /
19.If it were not for the fact that you_____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.
A. were B. had beenC. Are D. should be
20. ____ you succeed and _____ you be happy!
A. May, may B. Wish, wish
C. Hope, hope D. Should, may
Keys:1.D 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
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