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專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)
在學(xué)習(xí)和工作中，我們都要用到練習(xí)題，通過(guò)這些形形色色的習(xí)題，使得我們得以有機(jī)會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)事物的方方面面，認(rèn)識(shí)概括化圖式多樣化的具體變式，從而使我們對(duì)原理和規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)更加的深入。相信很多朋友都需要一份能切實(shí)有效地幫助到自己的習(xí)題吧？下面是小編整理的專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)，歡迎大家借鑒與參考，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)
考點(diǎn)一：介詞+關(guān)系代詞 (which/ whom)
(1) 關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定方法：定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，或者從句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞的習(xí)慣性搭配。
1. The party, at which __I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable.2006
A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which
2. I’ve never been to Lhasa, but that’s the city _which I like to visit mostly______.1999
A. I’d most like to visit B. which I like to visit mostly C. where I like to visit D. I’d like much to visit
3. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel_to stay_at_____. 1998
A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying
4.I have never been to London, but that is the city _which I like to visit mostly_______.1997
A. where I like to visit most B. Id most like to visit.
C. which I like to visit mostly D. where Id like most to visit
(2) 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，表示先行詞的一部分時(shí)，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu);
(3) Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of +關(guān)系代詞”型，whose的先行詞指物時(shí), 可用of which代替,
但詞序不同，即whose+n=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.
1. Above the trees are the hills, _whose______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.2003
A. where B. of whose C. whose D. which
考點(diǎn)二：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
as 放在句首句中都可以，which 必需放在句中，但下列情況多用as: 1) 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句居句首時(shí)。2) 當(dāng)與such as或the same連用時(shí)，一般用as。3) 當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，關(guān)系詞往往只用which。
1. Only take these clothes _as are_____really necessary.1994
A. as were B. as they are C. as they were D. as are
2. As_____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. 1994
A. That B. It C. This D. As
三大注意：
1. the way 做先行詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句可由that, in which 引導(dǎo)或不用引導(dǎo)詞。
2. 定語(yǔ)從句中主謂一致問(wèn)題：從句中的動(dòng)詞在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行詞保持一致。
He is one of the teachers who know English well.
He is the only one of the teachers who knows English well.(特殊)
3.疑問(wèn)句的解題思路：先把疑問(wèn)句還原成陳述句，然后判斷誰(shuí)是先行詞，再看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑詈蟠_定正確答案。
考點(diǎn)三：先行詞為人時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞who和that
(1) 只能用who不用that：1)當(dāng)先行詞為one(s), anyone, those時(shí);2)當(dāng)先行詞為人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)。
(2) 只能用that不用who：1)當(dāng)主句已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)who時(shí)。2)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。
1. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _that______ he was twenty years ago. 2003
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
考點(diǎn)四：先行詞為物時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞that和which
(1) 只能用that不用which：1)先行詞為much, little, few, nothing, none, anything, no, all等不定代詞。2)先行詞既有人又有物。3)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾。4)先行詞被the very, the only, the last, just, all, any, every, no等修飾。5)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)。6) 在疑問(wèn)詞who、which、what開(kāi)頭的句子中。7) 主句是there be句型。
1. I was very interested in _all that____ she told me.2009
A. all that B. all which C. all what D. That
2. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff that__is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced. 2000
A. whose B. as C. what D. that
3. The team can handle whatever _that needs handling____. (1997)
A. that needs handling B. which needs handling C. it needs handling D. needs to be handled
4. There is no one in the world _that never makes mistakes_____.1991
A. that ever made mistakes B. that has ever made mistakes
C. that never makes mistakes D. that sometimes makes mistakes
(2) 只能用which不用that: 1)定語(yǔ)從句中的介詞前置時(shí)關(guān)系代詞只能用which; 2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)只能用which,其先行詞可是一個(gè)詞, 也可是整個(gè)主句或主句的某一部分。
1. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, which_____is something we had not expected. 2003
A. which B. it C. that D. what
2. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, which____should make great differences in our life next summer.2002
A. which B. what C. that D. They
3. The physicist has made a discovery, which I think is_____of great importance to the progress of science and technology.1997
A. I think which is B. that I think is C. which I think is D. which I think it is
考點(diǎn)五：關(guān)系副詞的運(yùn)用
(1) 先行詞為“時(shí)間的名詞”用when
1. She remembered several occasions in the past _when___she had experienced a similar feeling.1998
A. which B. before C. that D. when
(2)先行詞為“表示地點(diǎn)的名詞”(case, point, situation, condition, scene, stage, country, room, house, hotel, museum, school, street等)用where
1. Have you ever been in a situation _where____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?2002
A. by which B. that C. in where D. Where
2. This company has now introduced a policy _where____pay rises have related to performance at work. 1996
A. which B. where C. whether D. what
(3)先行詞為“表示原因的名詞”why：reason+why…(表示原因的名詞只有一個(gè))
專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)考試定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)
1. What seems confusing and fragmented at first might well become____a third time.
A. notable and systematic B. clear and organic C. clean and measurable D. pure and wholesome
2. They failed to pass the exam last time; I regretted ____.
A. to be not able to help B. being unable to helpC. being not able to helping D. not be able to help
3. At a press conference after the Oscar Award ceremony, the 18-year-old girl spoke in a barely____ voice.
A. identical B. legible C. optional D. audible
4. All ____is a continuous supply of fuel oil.
A. what is needed B. that is needed C. the thing needed D. for their needs
5. Today dozens of scientific group in different countries have been____the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.
A. reaching B. winning C. chasing D. pursuing
6. You said the books were on the desk, but ____there.
A. there was no one B. there were none C. there were no ones D. was none
7. Before the project was started, we asked the designer to give us an ____of the cost of building such a museum.
A. estimate B. evaluation C. assessment D. announcement
答案及解析：
1. 答案 B
【參考譯文】 一些初看既令人困惑又零零碎碎的事物經(jīng)過(guò)再三思量會(huì)變得清晰而系統(tǒng)。
【試題分析】 此題考查形容詞詞義。
【詳細(xì)解答】 從題意可以看出需要選與confusing and fragmented(既令人困惑又零零碎碎的)意思相對(duì)的一組詞，只有clear and organic(既清晰又系統(tǒng)的)符合要求。clean and me asurable既干凈又可度量的，notable and systematic值得注意的而且系統(tǒng)的，pure and wholesome純正的且有益的。都不符合題意。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。
2. 答案 B
【參考譯文】 上次他們沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試，我后悔沒(méi)能幫他們一把。
【試題分析】 此題考查動(dòng)詞regret的用法。
【詳細(xì)解答】 某些動(dòng)詞跟不定式做賓語(yǔ)與跟-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)有區(qū)別：“regret+不定式”：對(duì)尚未做的或正在做的事表示遺憾;“regret+-ing分詞”：對(duì)做過(guò)的事情表示后悔。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。
3. 答案 D
【參考譯文】 在奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮后的記者招待會(huì)上，這位18歲的女孩發(fā)言的聲音小得幾乎聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)。
【試題分析】 此題考查形容詞詞義。
【詳細(xì)解答】 audible意為“可聽(tīng)得見(jiàn)的”，符合本題題意。optional作“可選擇的，隨意的”講;legible意為“字跡清楚的，易讀的”;identical意為“相同的，完全一樣的”。因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。
4. 答案 B
【參考譯文】 我們所需要的就是持續(xù)不斷地得到燃油供應(yīng)。
【試題分析】 此題考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。
【詳細(xì)解答】 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句修飾的先行詞前有all,any,no,only,little,much修飾，或者這些先行詞本身就是all,any,little,much,anything,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，一般應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。
5. 答案 D
【參考譯文】 如今各國(guó)許多的科學(xué)小組正探尋實(shí)用而節(jié)約的方法，以便利用太陽(yáng)能分解出水分子。
【試題分析】 此題考查動(dòng)詞詞義及搭配。
【詳細(xì)解答】 pursue在此意為“繼續(xù)從事，忙于”，符合本題題意。chase作“追求，追逐”講;reach則意為“到達(dá)，達(dá)到”;win作“贏(yíng)得，獲勝”講。因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。
6. 答案 B
【參考譯文】 你說(shuō)參考書(shū)在書(shū)桌上，但那兒沒(méi)有。
【試題分析】 此題考查不定代詞的用法。
【詳細(xì)解答】 no one表示“一個(gè)也沒(méi)有”，即“not a single one”，而且no one只代表單數(shù)名詞，只能指人，謂語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)。none 表示“……之中沒(méi)有一個(gè)”。none可以代替單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)也有單復(fù)數(shù)。none既可指人，又可指物。此處none指代books，是復(fù)數(shù)形式。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。
7. 答案 A
【參考譯文】 在項(xiàng)目開(kāi)工前，我們請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)者為建這樣一座博物館估計(jì)一下成本。
【試題分析】 此題考查名詞詞義。
【詳細(xì)解答】 estimate此處意為“出價(jià)，估價(jià)”，符合本題題意，而assessment意為“估計(jì)，估稅，評(píng)定”;announcement作“宣布，宣告”講，evaluation則意為“估價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)”。因此A為正確選項(xiàng)。
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