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  • 考研基礎英語詞匯

    時間:2024-08-20 10:09:10 基礎英語 我要投稿
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    考研基礎英語詞匯

      考研備考期,除了背誦專業課和政治,英語詞匯的積累也不能落下。為了幫助大家,小編分享了一些考研基礎詞匯,希望能幫到大家!

    考研基礎英語詞匯

      文化社會生活類

      彩票 lottery ticket

      保健食品 health-care food

      暴發戶 new rich; upstart

      民工潮 farmer’s frenzied hunt for work in cities

      下崗工人 laid-off workers

      人口老齡化 aging/ graying population

      人口高峰 baby boom

      人口負增長 negative population growth

      流動人口 moving population

      收視率 viewing rate

      售后服務 after-sale service

      再就業工程 re-employment project

      自由職業者 free lancer

      性別歧視 sexual discrimination

      性價比 cost performance

      水貨 smuggled goods

      水土流失 soil erosion

      文化滲透 cultural infiltration

      跳槽 job-hopping

      搶購 panic buying

      甩賣 clearance sale

      公益廣告 public-interest advertisement

      讓利 offer discounts

      出國熱 craze for going abroad

      社會福利制度 the social welfare system

      享受公費醫療 enjoy public health care

      世界衛生組織 World Health Organization (WHO)

      黃昏戀 twilight love

      賀歲片 New Year film

      記者招待會 press/ news conference

      賣淫 prostitute oneself and visit prostitutes

      制造假鈔 make the false notes

      吸毒者 a drug addict

      出售黃色錄像 sell obscene video tapes

      傳銷 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing

      環境法律醫療類等

      溫室效應 green-house effect

      沙漠化 desertification

      過度放牧 overgrazing

      過度捕魚 over-fishing

      濫砍亂伐 clear-cutting

      退耕還林 return cultivated land to forest

      沙塵暴 sand storm

      生態危機 ecological forest

      破壞生態平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

      自然保護區 nature reserve

      環境綠化 environmental greening

      禽流感 bird flu

      瘋牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

      口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

      非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

      偷稅﹑騙稅 tax evasion and tax fraud

      掃黃打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

      嚴打斗爭 strike-hard campaign

      公正合理的國際政治經濟新秩序

      a new and rational new international political and economic order

      外交紛爭 diplomatic disputes

      維護世界和平 safeguard world peace

      國際慣例 international common practice

      民族分裂主義 ethnic separatism

      宗教極端主義 religious extremism

      世界的基本格局 basic world pattern

      教育與科學技術類

      科技含量 technology content

      科教興國 rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation

      可持續發展戰略 strategy of sustainable development

      工業園區 industrial park

      技術密集型產品 technology-intensive product

      新興學科 new branch of science

      邊緣學科 frontier science

      高速寬帶互聯網 high-speed broadband networks

      電腦病毒 computer viruses

      電子商務 e-commerce; e-business

      黑客 hacker

      數字地球 digital globe

      局域網 local area network

      人工智能 artificial intelligence

      網上沖浪 web-surfing

      網絡世界 cyber world

      網上犯罪 cyber crime

      信息高速公路 information highland

      網民 netizen

      虛擬現實 virtual reality

      克隆 cloning

      基因工程 genetic engineering

      轉基因食品 genetically modified food

      “神舟六號”載人飛船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI

      掌上電腦 palm computer

      主頁 home page

      語音信箱 voice mail

      網絡經濟 cyber-economy

      網蟲 netter; Internet geek

      網戀 cyber romance; virtual romance

      高精尖技術 high-grade, high-precision, advanced technology

      科技扶貧 support poor areas using technology

      科研攻關 work towards key technological breakthroughs

      自費研究生 self-supporting graduate student

      委托培養 consign the training of personnel to a certain school

      填鴨式教學 cramming method of teaching

      啟發式教學 heuristic education

      復合型人才 interdisciplinary talent

      論文答辯 thesis oral defense

      素質教育 quality-oriented education

      教書育人 impart knowledge and educate people

      九年制義務教務教育 nine-year compulsory education

      德智體美勞全面發展

      all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education

      知識產權 intellectual property

      因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

      碩博連讀

      a continuous academic program that involves postgraduate and doctoral study

      雙學位 double degree

      雙向選擇 two-way selection

      人才流失 brain drain

      陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament

      學生減負 alleviate the burden on students

      學術交流 academic exchanges

      學科帶頭人 pace-setter in scientific research

      德才兼備 have both political integrity and ability

      攻讀碩士學位 study for a doctoral degree

      文科生 students of liberal arts

      理科生 students of science

      愛國主義教育 education in patriotism

      擇優錄取 enroll the excellent students

      畢業論文 graduation thesis

      畢業設計 graduation project

      義務教育 compulsory education

      高等教育 higher education

      選修課程 optional courses

      主修課程 major courses

      重點學科 key disciplinary areas

      德智體全面發展的學生

      students who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically

      教育部 Ministry of Education

      博士生導師 doctoral supervisors

      世界觀﹑人生觀﹑價值觀 word outlook, outlook on life and values

      政治類

      不正之風 bad / harmful practice

      霸權主義 hegemonism

      奔小康 strive for a better-off life

      論資排輩 assign priority according to seniority

      持續發展 sustainable development

      重復建設 redundant project

      大鍋飯 egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot)

      多極化 multi-polarization

      科學技術是第一生產力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

      機構臃腫 overstaffing in organization

      機構改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining

      反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

      窗口行業 service trade

      核心競爭力 core competitiveness

      減員增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

      減輕農民負擔 reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them

      跨越式發展 great-leap-forward development

      跨世紀發展 trans-century project

      民主集中制 democratic centralism

      講誠信﹑反欺詐 honor credibility and oppose cheating

      強權外交 power diplomacy

      人浮于事 overstaffing

      侵吞公款 embezzle public funds

      群帶關系 networking through petticoat influence

      求同存異 seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

      濫用權力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority

      廉政建設 build a clean and honest government

      三步走戰略 the three-step development strategy

      三講教育 three emphases education—emphasize theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct

      三峽工程 Three gorges project

      貪腐腐化 corruption and degeneration

      思想僵硬 fossilized concept

      西部開發 the development of China’s west

      發展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

      堅持四項基本原則 uphold the four cardinal principles

      地方保護主義 regional protectionism

      拜金主義 money worship

      賄賂 give and take bribery

      走后門 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

      和平演變 peaceful evolution

      貪臟枉法 take bribes and bend the law

      貪腐 abusing power for money

      拉關系 try to establish a relationship with sb.

      權錢交易 trading power for money

      掃黃運動 anti-pornography campaign

      公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds

      “一國兩制”的原則 the principle of “one country, two systems:”

      兩大主題 two principle themes

      堅持一個中國立場 stick to one-China position

      全國人民代表大會 National People’s Congress

      與國際接軌 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms

      社會主義物質文明 socialist material wellbeing

      社會主義精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

      實現中華民族偉大復興 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

      歪風邪氣 unhealthy practices and evil phenomena

      溫暖工程 adequate food and clothing program

      知識產權 intellectual property right

      綜合國力 comprehensive national strength

      最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

      政企分開 separate government functions from enterprise management

      與時俱進 keep pace with the times

      閑置人員 idle hand

      養老保險 endowment insurance

      以經濟建設為中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

      下崗職工基本生活費 subsistence allowance for laid-off workers

      世界觀﹑人生觀﹑價值觀 world outlook, outlook on life and values

      實事求是 seek truth from facts

      試點工程 pilot project

      政府廉潔高效 clean and efficient government

      戰略伙伴關系 strategic partnership

      經濟貿易類

      改革產業結構 reform the structure of industries

      虧損企業 loss-making enterprises

      搞活企業 enliven enterprises

      加快現代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

      跨國公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

      鄉鎮企業 township enterprises

      國有企業 state-owned enterprises

      合資企業 joint ventures

      解放生產力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

      振興國家經濟 invigorate our state economy

      實行股份制 introduce the shareholding system

      全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

      提高經濟效益 improve economic results

      增進效益 increase economic returns

      宏觀經濟調控 macro-economic control and management

      經濟實力 economic strength

      經濟轉軌 economic transformation

      經營機制 operative mechanism

      整頓經濟秩序 rectify economic order

      引進競爭機制 introduce a competitive mechanism

      建立技術密集型企業 set up technologically-intensive enterprises

      招商引資 canvass business and introduce investment

      房地產 real estate

      經濟特區 special economic zone

      基礎設施 infrastructure facilities

      劣質工程 jerry-built projects

      投資熱點 investment hot spot

      外向型經濟 export-oriented economy

      按勞分配 distribute according to the work performance

      打破平均主義 break / abandon equalitarian

      沿海開放城市 open coastal cities

      保稅區 bonded zone/ area

      金融改革 banking system

      國民生產總值 Gross National Product

      扶貧項目 anti-poverty project

      下海經商 plunge into the private business

      協調發展 coordinate the development

      住房改革 housing reform

      社會保障體系 social security system

      數字時代 digital times

      信息高速公路 the information superhighway

      虛擬社區 virtual communities

      “菜藍子”工程 the “shopping-basket” project ( the non-staple food project)

      拳頭產品 knock-out products/ competitive products

      市場蕭條 slack market

      中國質量萬里行 China’s Long March to Quality campaign

      冒牌產品 fake brand-name products

      假冒偽劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

      謀取暴力 reap colossal profits

      提出索賠 lodge a claim

      投訴 lodge complaint

      貿易爭端 trade disputes

      亂收費 random charges

      市場疲軟 sluggish market

      55 .貿易順差 favorable trade balance

      貿易逆差 unfavorable trade balance

      實行優惠政策 launch a preferential policy

      繁榮市場 flourish the market

      加入世貿組織 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

      最惠國待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment

      消費者協會 consumer’s association

      消費者購買力 consumer purchasing power

      新興市場 emerging market

      抑制消費 control / inhibit consumption

      無形資產 intangible assets

      有形資產 tangible assets

      市場占有率 market share

      嚴重違約 grave breach of contract

      泡沫經濟 bubble economy

      品牌效應 brand effect

      企業重組 reshuffle of enterprises

      貿易壁壘 trade barrier

      人才流失 brain drain

      清理“三角債” break up the debt chain

      企業文化 corporate culture

      商業炒作 commercial speculation

      擴大內需,刺激消費 expand domestic demand and consumption

      拉動經濟增長 fuel economic growth

      連鎖反應 chain reaction / domino effect

      競爭優勢 competitive edge

      經濟結構調整 economic restructuring

      經濟增長點 economic growth point ; growth engine

      經濟過熱 overheated economy

      經濟滑坡 economic downturn

      集約化經營 intensive management

      灰色收入 gray income

      福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

      分期付款 installment payment

      從粗放經濟轉變為集約經濟 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

      按揭購房 buy a house on a mortgage ; mortgage a house

      邊際效益 marginal benefit

      不良貸款 non-performing loan

      裁減冗員 lay off redundant staff; cut down on overstaffing

      物品更新換代 upgrade of products

      創業園 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park

      促進全球經濟一體化 foster integration with the global economy

      家庭聯產承包責任制 household contract responsibility system

      人才戰 competition for talented people

      脫貧致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

      資源優化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

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