英語語法五大基本句型

英語語法五大基本句型

　　英語句子是由主語(subject)、 謂語動(dòng)詞(verb)、賓語(object)、表語(predicative)、狀語(adverbial)、賓語補(bǔ)足語(object complement)等成分組成。以下是小編整理的英語語法五大基本句型，我們一起看看吧!

　　一There be 句型

　　1、解釋：“……地方有……”;

　　2、結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　There be + 主語 + 地點(diǎn)狀語

　　eg：There are some apples on the table.

　　3、考點(diǎn)：主謂一致

　　(1)be 后名詞是單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，be 用 is 或者 was;后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)則用 are 或were。

　　eg：

　　There is an apple in the fridge.

　　There is some milk in the fridge.

　　There isn’t any / is no money in the box.

　　There are many girls in the room.

　　(2)如果 be 后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞作主語，be 的單復(fù)數(shù)和最靠近的名詞保持一致——就近原則。

　　eg：

　　There is a book and two pencils on the desk.

　　There are two pencils and a book on the desk.

　　二主系表

　　1、結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語

　　eg：

　　He is good.

　　He is a good student.

　　2、系動(dòng)詞：

　　必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語才能表達(dá)完整的意思，這類動(dòng)詞叫系動(dòng)詞。

　　常見系動(dòng)詞：

　　(1)be 動(dòng)詞——is/am/are/was/were

　　(2)感官動(dòng)詞——feel/look/sound/taste/smell

　　(3)表轉(zhuǎn)變動(dòng)詞——get/grow/become/go

　　eg：

　　感官動(dòng)詞主系表——It looks perfect. 它看上去真完美。

　　表轉(zhuǎn)變動(dòng)詞主系表——The sky grew dark./ It became dirty.

　　3、考點(diǎn)：系動(dòng)詞后面跟形容詞

　　eg：

　　He looks at her happily.(happily 修飾 look at，look at 解釋為看著，look 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)

　　He looks happy when he sees her.(look 不及物，這里沒有跟介詞，單獨(dú)行動(dòng)，翻譯/為“看上去”，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞。)

　　三主謂賓

　　1、結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+賓語

　　主語：動(dòng)作發(fā)出者;

　　謂語：動(dòng)作本身(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞);

　　賓語：動(dòng)作承受者

　　eg：I walk a bear. 我溜一只熊。

　　四主謂賓賓

　　結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+賓語+賓語

　　雙賓語：直接賓語(物);間接賓語(人)——物直人間

　　eg：

　　I give him the book.

　　I give the book to him.

　　謂語后跟間接賓語時(shí)，直接賓語前不需要介詞;謂語后跟直接賓語時(shí)，間接賓語前加介詞 to/for。

　　五主謂賓賓補(bǔ)

　　結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)

　　賓補(bǔ)：一個(gè)賓語不能完整表達(dá)出意思，需要加一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語使句意完整。

　　eg：

　　He made me happy.

　　I keep the room tidy.

　　My mother saw me doing housework.

　　六能力檢測走起

　　一星題

　　There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table .

　　A. are, many B. are , much

　　C. is ,many D. is ,much

　　2. How many ___ are there in the room ?

　　A. apple B. students

　　C. milk D. paper

　　3. There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.

　　A. is a B. are some

　　C. has a D. have some

　　4. Yesterday was my birthday. My mother ____.

　　A. made a cake to me B. made a cake me

　　C. made for me a cake D. made me a cake

　　5. -Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?

　　-Oh, that _______ good.

　　A. feels B.looks

　　C smells D.sounds

　　兩星題

　　1. There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.

　　A. is B. are

　　C. was D. were

　　2. Roses in bloom smell ____.

　　A. sweetly B. sweet

　　C. sweeten D. sweetness

　　翻譯：(如有單詞提示，請用提示單詞)

　　1. 我昨晚看見爸爸在工作。(并寫出句型)

　　2. 他變得很生氣。(get)(并寫出句型)

　　3. 我給媽媽買了一本書。(通過變換賓語位置翻譯出兩句句子，并寫出句型)

　　三星題

　　1. - Is this the last exam we have to take ? - No, but there ____ another test three months later from now.

　　A. will be going to B. is

　　C. will be D. has been

　　2. There ______ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years.

　　A. is B. are

　　C. will be D. have been

　　3. There ________ a football match on TV this evening.

　　A. will have B. is going to be

　　C. has D. is going to have

　　4. Canned food does not go ____.

　　A. bad easily B. badly easy `

　　C. bad easy D. badly easily

　　5..I will make your dream ____.

　　A. comes true B. to come true

　　C. coming truly D. come true

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