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  • 英語語法中用作介詞或連詞的分詞歸納

    時間:2024-07-06 02:37:42 基礎英語 我要投稿
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    英語語法中用作介詞或連詞的分詞歸納

      1.considering

    英語語法中用作介詞或連詞的分詞歸納

      就……而論、照……來看;考慮到,既可用作介詞,又可用作連詞。例:I hear he is more than 70, but he is still very strong, considering his age.

      聽說他已經 70 多歲了,但從他的年紀來看,他仍然很結實。

      Considering ( that ) he did not study hard, he did well on the test.

      考慮到他沒有用功,他考得還不錯。

      另: considering 還可用作副詞,通常置于句尾,意為從各方面看。例:

      She seems ( to be ) very bright, considering.

      從各方面看,她似乎很聰明。

      2. providing / provided

      倘若……;在……的條件下,用作連詞,引導條件狀語從句,但從句不用虛擬語氣。例:

      We'll visit Europe next year, provided / providing ( that ) we have the money.

      如果我們有這筆錢,我們明年將去歐洲游覽。

      I shall go provided / providing ( that ) it does not rain.

      倘若天不下雨,我就去。

      3. supposing / suppose

      假如、假定用作連詞,引導條件狀語從句,從句可用陳述語氣,也可用虛擬語氣。例:

      Supposing / Suppose ( that ) the weather were bad, where would you go?

      假如天氣不好,你去什么地方?

      Supposing / Suppose ( that ) she doesn't come, what should we do?

      假如她不來我們該怎么辦?

      supposing 可用在一個簡單句中,相當于 What would / will happen if … / What does it matter if …例:

      Supposing I don't see her. ( = What will happen if I don't see her? )

      假如我見不到她,那該怎么辦?

      suppose 意為假定;萬一;倘若;不妨;何不。例:

      ( Let us ) Suppose ( that ) his statement is right.

      假定他的陳述是正確的。

      4. according to /by

      根據…… / 按照……,用作連詞。例:

      According to my watch, it's 4 o'clock.

      按照我表上的時間,現在是 4 點鐘。

      You may go or stay, according as you decide.

      去還是留,由你來決定。

      You may / will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad.

      根據工作好壞你將會受到獎懲。

      according to 與 according by 的區別在于:

      ( 1 ) according by 不可與表示人的名詞或代詞連用; according to 可與表示人的名詞或代詞連用。

      ( 2 ) according to 只能表示來自他處的信息,而不能表示來自說話者本身的信息。

      例:

      According to (不能用 by ) my clock, it is 12 o'clock.

      根據我表上的時間,現在是 12 點。

      According to (不能用 by ) her (不能用 me ), the war broke out in 1923.

      根據她所說的,那場戰爭在 1923 年爆發。

      5. compared with / to

      將……與……比較,用作介詞。例:

      Compared with / to her mother, she is tall.

      和她母親比起來,她算很高了。

      6. including

      包含,用作介詞。例:

      I have to prepare food for seven people, including me.

      我必須準備包括自己在內 7 個人的食物。

      7. owing to

      由于……因為……,用作介詞。 seeing ( that )由于……;既然……;因為……,用作連詞。例:

      Owing to unfavourable weather, I was unable to carry on with it.

      由于天氣不好,我不能把它進行下去。

      Seeting ( that ) he is ill, he's unlikely to come.

      由于生病的緣故,他可能不來了。

      8. judging from / by ( =to judge by )

      由……來判斷,用作介詞。例:

      Judging from / by what he said, he must be an honest man.

      由他所說的來判斷,他一定是個誠實的人。

      Judging from / by his accent, he must be from Guangdong province.

      從他的口音來判斷,他一定來自廣東。

      9. regarding ( =as regards, in regard to, with regard to ) / respecting ( =as respects, in respect to, with respect to ) / concerning ( =as concerns ) / relating to

      均用作介詞,意為關于,就……而言,相當于 about, 但比 about 正式。例:

      Regarding this point, he is correct.

      關于這一點,他是對的。

      Respecting your salary, we shall come to a decision later.

      關于你的工資,我們將在以后做出決定。

      Concerning your letter, I am pleased to inform you that your plans are quite acceptable.

      關于來信,我很高興地通知你,我們覺得你的計劃是可接受的。

      10. given

      如果有……,假定……,考慮到……,既可用作介詞,也可用作連詞。例:

      Given that they are inexperienced, they have done a good job.

      考慮到他們經驗不足,他們的工作做得還不錯。

      Given his support, I think we'll win the election.

      若能獲得他的支持,我想我們會贏得這次選舉。

      11. granted / granting

      用作連詞,意為就算……,假定……,縱使……,姑且承認

      例 Granted / Granting you are right, I won't do it.

      就算你說的是正確的,我也不打算做那事。

      12. assuming / say

      (用于句首,與 Let's 連用)意為假定……假使例:

      Assuming / Say ( Let's say ) that war breaks out, what do you do?

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