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  • 大學英語四級寫作常見結構性錯誤

    時間:2024-11-12 04:37:41 英語四級 我要投稿
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    大學英語四級寫作常見結構性錯誤

      大學英語四級寫作常見結構性錯誤:使用修飾語時,要注意它們同主語的呼應,不可使其無所依附,或錯誤依附,從而造成懸垂修飾。可以通過兩種方式對含有懸垂修飾語的句子進行修改:修改主語,使主句主語等同于修飾語的邏輯主語;或者修改修飾語,把修飾語變成一個從句。

    大學英語四級寫作常見結構性錯誤

      一、成分缺失

      英語句子中有六個基本句式:

      (1)S+V主謂結構

      (2)S+V+O主謂賓結構

      (3)S+V+P主謂表結構

      (4)S+V+O1+O2主謂雙賓語結構

      (5)S+V+O+C主謂賓補結構

      (6)There be結構

      原句:At present,it is very common that marriage across the nations

      修正:At present,it is very common to find marriage across the nations.

      原句:If they from different countries,they will have different living habits.

      修正:If they are from different countries,they will have different living habits.

      原句:If continue,there is no room and no resources left for more people in the future.

      修正:If this continues,there is no room and no resources left for more people in the future.

      二、懸垂修飾錯誤

      修飾語的作用是描述其他的詞,從而起到修飾、限定、強調或解釋的作用。因此,修飾語與它們所描述的詞之間關系緊密,這種關系對于考生來說十分清楚;當修飾語和句子中其他詞之間的關系不是特別清楚時,這種修飾語被稱之為懸垂修飾。當用分詞、不定式、介詞短語、動名詞或省略句作修飾語時,考生受漢語影響,其作文中常會出現懸垂現象。使用時,要注意它們同主語的呼應,不可使其無所依附,或錯誤依附,從而造成懸垂修飾。可以通過兩種方式對含有懸垂修飾語的句子進行修改:

      ① 修改主語,使主句主語等同于修飾語的邏輯主語;

      ② 修改修飾語,把修飾語變成一個從句。

      原句:To finish the work in time,the machine is kept running all the time.

      修正:To finish the work in time,we kept the machine running all the time.

      原句:Looking out of the window,the grassland stretch as far as the eye can reach.

      修正:Looking out of the window,I can see the grassland stretch as far as the eye can reach.

      原句:Having heard the terrible news,his heart beat fast.

      修正:When he heard the terrible news,his heart beat fast.

      原句:At the age of ten,my grandmother died.

      修正:When I was at ten,my grandmother died.

      原句:To get ready for the trip,all the things she needed were put into a suitcase.

      修正:To get ready for the trip,she put all the things she needed into a suitcase.

      三、一致性錯誤

      英語句子的一致性包括主謂一致,人稱、時態、語態和數等的一致,以及句子成分前后的語法和邏輯性的一致。

      原句:“Six chairs” are not correct here.

      修正:“Six chairs” is not correct here.(如果主語為引語,謂語動詞要用單數。)

      原句:Politics are more difficult than physics.

      修正:Politics is more difficult than physics.

      原句:Whether or not we'll go to Beijing have not been decided yet.

      修正:Whether or not we'll go to Beijing has not been decided yet.

      原句:Sometimes the wealthy also needs help.

      修正:Sometimes the wealthy also need help.

      原句:When I was in high school,you never knew what to expect.

      修正:When I was in high school,I never knew what to expect.

      原句:I was extremely sorry you are injured.

      修正:I am extremely sorry you are injured.

      原句:In high school we worked more as a group than as an individual.

      修正:In high school we worked more as groups than as individuals.

      原句:His job was a policeman.

      修正:He was a policeman.

      四、并列結構誤用

      原句:Before I selected the new course,my teacher warned me of the difficulty of the course and of its length.

      修正:Before I selected the new course,my teacher warned me how difficult the course was and how long it lasted.

      原句:We asked the store manager to show us a gift that was inexpensive,useful and looked nice.

      修正:We asked the store manager to show us a gift that was inexpensive,useful and nice looking.

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