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高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作步驟
英語(yǔ)對(duì)于中國(guó)的學(xué)子來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)難題，英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作更是如此，下面是小編整理的高考英語(yǔ)作文的寫(xiě)作步驟，有需要的同學(xué)可以參考借鑒一下哦!
【高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作步驟】
書(shū)面表達(dá)的寫(xiě)作步驟大體可歸納為“審”、“列”、“寫(xiě)”、“潤(rùn)”、“查”五個(gè)字。具體說(shuō)來(lái)就是：
1. 審： 即審題。考生拿到書(shū)面表達(dá)題時(shí)，首先要認(rèn)真審題，弄清題目要求，并從總體上確定寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容。具體操作時(shí)，同學(xué)們要特別注意以下“三審”：審體裁，審人稱，審時(shí)態(tài)。
2. 列： 即列要點(diǎn)。通過(guò)審題，要將內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)用提綱的形式逐條列出來(lái)。這里要注意不要遺漏要點(diǎn)，從書(shū)面表達(dá)的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)我們可以看出，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)在評(píng)卷中的地位是十分重要的。同時(shí)注意，寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容有主次之分，羅列要點(diǎn)時(shí)要注意確保主要內(nèi)容，適當(dāng)涉及次要內(nèi)容，堅(jiān)決刎除無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容。
3. 寫(xiě)： 即是將要點(diǎn)整理并寫(xiě)成合乎要求的短文。審題列出要點(diǎn)之后，第三步便是“寫(xiě)”了，這一步根據(jù)情況又往往有不同的操作方法。對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)較好的考生，他可以根據(jù)要點(diǎn)直接“寫(xiě)”成文章;對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)稍差一點(diǎn)的考生，他可能是把第二步列的要點(diǎn)逐條“譯”成英文(當(dāng)然這里的“譯”顯然不能直譯，而應(yīng)是意譯，并要根據(jù)情況適當(dāng)增加使語(yǔ)句連貫、通順的連詞或副詞等);也有的考生這樣做：他先將要點(diǎn)中的關(guān)鍵詞寫(xiě)出來(lái)，然后根據(jù)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容將關(guān)鍵詞連成句，并進(jìn)一步將句連成文。我們認(rèn)為不管上面哪種辦法，只要考生操作得當(dāng)都是可行的。
4. 潤(rùn)： 即潤(rùn)色。同學(xué)們?cè)谝豢跉鈱?xiě)完之后，應(yīng)該對(duì)所寫(xiě)文字進(jìn)行加工潤(rùn)色，不僅要考慮使用一些表連貫的連詞或副詞，以增強(qiáng)文章的連貫性、流暢性和可讀性，而且還要有意識(shí)地將一些“低級(jí)詞匯”處理成“高級(jí)詞匯”，將一些“簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)構(gòu)”處理成“高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)”，以突顯文章亮點(diǎn)，增加得高分的機(jī)會(huì)。
5. 查： 即檢查。書(shū)面表達(dá)寫(xiě)成之后，要從頭至尾讀一遍，并從語(yǔ)感、語(yǔ)法、行文邏輯、習(xí)慣表達(dá)等方面進(jìn)行檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)有錯(cuò)誤要及時(shí)糾正。檢查還有個(gè)任務(wù)就是字?jǐn)?shù)問(wèn)題，按照評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，字?jǐn)?shù)在書(shū)面表達(dá)題中占1分。
順便說(shuō)一句，為了保持卷面干凈、整潔、美觀，建議考生最好能打個(gè)草稿，檢查以后再謄寫(xiě)正稿。
【高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作技巧】
(一)掌握技巧：
(1)注意篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，合理布局
開(kāi)始部分(opening paragraph)——說(shuō)出文中的要點(diǎn)、核心問(wèn)題。
正文部分(Body paragraphs)——圍繞主題開(kāi)展敘述、討論。
結(jié)尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——對(duì)全文的總結(jié)和概括。
要做到全文中心突出、段落之間必須是有機(jī)地聯(lián)系，內(nèi)容完整、連貫。前后呼應(yīng)，祛除與主題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容.
(2)確定主題句
主題句是對(duì)全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用。通常主題句出現(xiàn)在一篇文章的開(kāi)頭，而后，全文對(duì)主題句所提出的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋，擴(kuò)展。
寫(xiě)主題句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
①歸納出你要寫(xiě)的文章的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)
②提煉出一句具有概括性的話
③主題句應(yīng)具有可讀性，抓住、吸引讀者。
(二)巧用連接詞
要想使文章有整體性、連貫性，就要學(xué)會(huì)正確使用連接詞
表示羅列增加
First, second, third,
First, then / next, after that / next, finally
For one thing … for another…,
On (the) one hand…on the other hand,
Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,
Especially / In particular,
表示時(shí)間順序
now, at present, recently,
after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,
at first, in the beginning, to begin with,
later, next, finally,
immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment
form now on, from then on,
at the same time, meanwhile,
till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,
表示解釋說(shuō)明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover
furthermore, in fact, actually
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other
hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,
表示并列關(guān)系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor
表示因果關(guān)系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示條件關(guān)系
as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示讓步關(guān)系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever,
whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)
表示舉例
for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example
表示比較
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as,
表示目的
for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,
表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all,
表示概括歸納
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,
(三)掌握常用句型：
1. in order to
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢(mèng)想，他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。
He worked very hard in order to realize his dream. 2. in order that
她拼命干活以便到六點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒。
She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..
3. so…that
他們太累了，除了伸懶腰什么都做不了了。
They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.
4. such…that
天氣非常冷，以致于街上一個(gè)人都沒(méi)有。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.
5. would rather do…than do
他寧愿聽(tīng)他人講而不愿自己說(shuō)。
He would rather listen to others than talk himself.
6. prefer doing to doing
他寧愿在精心準(zhǔn)備后去做報(bào)告。
He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.
7. prefer to do…rather than do
比起女人，男人總是寧可在家睡覺(jué)也不愿花那么多時(shí)間來(lái)購(gòu)物。
Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.
8. not only…but also
在短短的三年的時(shí)間里她不但完成了所有課程，而且還獲得了博士學(xué)位。
In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.
9. either…or
如果考試過(guò)關(guān)，你可以買一個(gè)MP3或去云南玩一趟。
You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.
10. Neither…nor
他是一個(gè)無(wú)聊的人，既不愛(ài)娛樂(lè)，也不愛(ài)讀書(shū)。
He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.
11. as well as
他善良又樂(lè)于助人。
He was kind as well as helpful.
12. …as well
這個(gè)小孩活潑又可愛(ài)。
The child is active and funny as well.
13. One…the other
你看見(jiàn)桌子上有兩只筆嗎?一支是紅色的，另一支是黑色的。
Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.
14. Some…others
每個(gè)人都很忙，有些在讀書(shū)，有些在寫(xiě)作。
Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.
15. make…+adj /n
我們所做的可以讓世界更美麗。
What we do will make the world more beautiful.
16. not…until
直到他告訴我發(fā)生的事，我才了解真相。
I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.
17. as if
他夸夸其談好像什么事都知道。
He talks a lot as if he knows everything.
18. It is no use (good) doing…
假裝不懂規(guī)則是行不通的。
It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.
19. find it + adj to do…
我覺(jué)得作聽(tīng)力時(shí)有必要作筆記。
I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.
20. It is + time since…
我已經(jīng)有兩年沒(méi)見(jiàn)他了。
It is two years since I last met him.
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