英語閱讀理解推理判斷題的實用解題技巧
一、題型介紹：
推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了作出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。該題要求在理解表面文字的基礎上，作出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，也就是通過文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關系及事物的發展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒有直接表達的態度和觀點。
常見的推理判斷題的設問方式：
推測作者寫作目的或意圖的設題形式有：
1) The purpose in writing this text is to __________.
2) The author writes this passage to __________.
3) The author in this passage intends to __________.
推測文章的觀點或結論的設題形式有：
1) It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
2) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
3) From the passage we can conclude that __________.
推斷文章出處的設題形式有：
1)The passage is most likely to be taken from_________.
2)Where would this passage most probably appear?
3)The passage is most likely a part of_________.
是非判斷題的設題方式：1．which of the following is （not）true or false ?
2．All of the following statements are wrong except _____
3．All of the following statements are right/true except _____.
4．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage /text?
邏輯排序題的設題方式：
Which of the following describes ones logic in doing sth ?
Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened to ?
Choose the right order of the following events in
二、推理判斷題的解題方法 ：
推理判斷題不僅要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關系，結合自己的生活常識和經驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應當知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時我們務必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據，即：已知部分－推論的前提，從中推測出未知部分－推理的結論，切忌妄加評論，把自己的觀點當成作者的觀點。
三、考題探究
（2006江蘇）The first reality TV show in the world was called Expedition Robinson and it was shown in Sweden in 1997. Half the population of the country watched the final event and a new kind of TV program was born. Two years later in Holland, the first series of Big Brother was filmed. Again, it was a great success and the final program was watched by 15 million people. Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens. The ordinary people who take part in the programs are known by millions of people
in their own countries and reality TV has become big, big business.
For the TV producers, reality TV is a dream come true because many of the programs cost nothing to make. At some point, the television viewers (觀眾) are asked to telephone the program to vote or to apply to take part in the show. It is the cost of these telephone calls that pays for the shows. One of the most popular shows is Pop Idol. In the show, a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars. TV viewers vote for their favorite person on the show. The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the record are sold. His or her pictures are published on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of newspapers, and then, they are quickly forgotten.
But not everyone is happy about reality TV. In Portugal two TV channels got into trouble because they showed too much of the personal lives of the people in the shows. In France, reality TV is called rubbish TV and the TV studios of Big Brother were attacked three times in one week. In Greece, Big Brother was described as against human rights and civilization.
It can be concluded from the passage that __________.
A. everyone is happy about reality TV
B. reality TV will do well in many countries
C. all the people in Europe are in favor of reality TV
D. reality TV will not be broadcast in any countries
學海導航：
B 通讀全文，本文主要講的是reality TV，根據第一段的中間Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens，可知真人秀在20多個國家流行。故答案為B。該題也可以用排除法，AC兩項很容易排除，可能有些學生會選D，其實every ，all，not 連用才表示部分否定，而any不是。D表示現實劇不會在任何一個國家播放，當然是不對的。
四、實例演練
Are British people Europeans? This may seem a strange question to Africans and Asians，who tend to think of all white people as Europeans．But the British，when they are in Britain，do not regard themselves as Europeans．The Europeans，to them，are those rather excitable foreigners from the other side of the English Channel，who have never learnt how to speak English．Europe is known as the Continent，a place full of interest for British tourists，but also the source of almost a11 the wars in which Britain has ever been involved．Thus although geographically speaking Britain is a part of Europe，the fact that it is a separate island has made its people feel very，very insular (孤立的)．They feel，and in many ways are，different from the rest of Europe，and they sometimes annoy continental nations by failing to support them，or even to understand them，in time of need．
Where did British people come from? This is an extraordinary interesting question，since they are a mixture of many different races，and all these races invaded (侵略) Britain at different times from Europe．Nobody knows very much about Britain before the Romans came during the first century B．C., but there had been at least three invasions before that．The first of these was by a dark-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians．Theother two were by Celtic tribes：first the Gaels，whose descendants are the modern Scots and Irish，some of whom still speak the Gaelic language；and second the Britons，who gave their name to the whole island of Britain．These were the people whom the Romans conquered．The Romans gave the Britons a good deal of their civilization，but they never settled in Britain in very large numbers，so the British race survived until the overthrow of the Roman Empire by the barbarians，i．e．the numerous Germanic tribes which overran the whole of Western Europe．
57．It can be known from the passage that .
A．most people think white people are Europeans
B．there are many Africans and Asians living in Europe
C．white men are Europeans in the eyes of Africans and Asians
D．the British people think of themselves as Europeans
【點津】 C 該題主要考查對第一段第二句This may seem a strange question to Africans and Asians，who tend to think of all white people as Europeans說明在非洲人和亞洲人都認為所有的白人都是歐洲人。
五、經驗總結:
1 .確定作者的觀點及寫作理由。
2.分析材料提供的全部事實。
3 .注意詞的詞典義和聯想義，將材料中已知的事實與材料中沒有表達的概念聯系在一起。
4 .深入理解已知的事實的潛在的信息。
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