GRE考試與物理相關的詞匯

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GRE考試與物理相關的詞匯

　　需要GRE考試的，大量練習詞匯是非常有必要的，下面是應屆畢業生小編為大家分享有關GRE考試與物理相關的詞匯，歡迎大家閱讀與學習!

GRE考試與物理相關的詞匯

　　Heat Conduction熱傳導

　　原文：When a substance is heated, heat is passed from its hotter part to its cooler part. This way of passing heat is called conduction. Metals conduct heat easily. They are good conductors. Non-metals, such as wood, glass and plastic cannot conduct heat easily. They are bad conductors.

　　翻譯：物質受熱時，熱量從溫度高的地方向溫度低的地方傳遞。這種熱的傳遞方式叫傳導。金屬容易導熱，是良好的導體。非金屬，如木頭、玻璃、塑料，不易導熱，不是良好的導體。

　　講解：上文中，substance是指物質，物質也可以用matter來表示。Conduct是傳遞、傳導的意思，做動詞時重音在后，讀作/ k?n?d?kt/，conduct的名詞形式是conduction，導體為conductor。導熱，可以說heat conduction，也可以用passing heat來表達。

　　Travel of Sound聲音的傳播

　　原文：Sound is produced when things vibrate, like beating a drum or beating a guitar.Sound has to travel through solid, liquid or air to ears. When the sound is blocked by other things, it become less loud and clear. Sound travels better through liquid that through air. It travels best through solid.

　　翻譯：聲音是通過震動產生的，例如敲鼓或彈吉他。聲音通過固體、液體或空氣傳入耳朵。當聲音被其他物質阻擋時，聲音會變小、變得不清晰。聲音在液體中傳播比在氣體中傳播快，在固體中傳播最快。

　　講解：travel除了指旅行，也可以表示傳播，例如travel of sound聲音的傳播, travel of light光的傳播。第一句sound is produced when things vibrate是一個被動句，由be produced構成被動結構;這句話中，vibrate的意思是震動。這段中三個關鍵詞為solid固體，liquid液體和air空氣。

　　Refraction of light光的折射

　　原文：Air, water and glass can let light pass through. They are called medium. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from water to air, its direction changes. This is called the refraction of light. The words under thick glass look higher up. The chopstick dipped into water looks bent. The rainbow looks curved. These are some examples of light refraction.

　　翻譯：空氣、水和玻璃可以使光通過，他們叫做介質。當光從一種介質傳播到另一種介質，例如從水射入空氣，方向會發生變化，這一現象叫光的折射。厚玻璃下面的字看起來更高。浸入水中的筷子看起來彎曲。彩虹是彎的。這些都是光的折射。

　　講解：medium是介質的意思，介質是指能夠傳播能量的載體。Dip，浸蘸。Curve用作名詞是曲線的意思，curved為形容詞，彎曲的。

　　以上一些例子中，句子大多為簡單句，語言并不算難。我們可以看到，一些常見的詞匯，例如medium媒介，在物理學科中就成為了專有名詞。如果有相關的物理背景知識，還是很好理解的。有很多我們日常生活中認識的詞匯，在科學背景的材料中似乎就變得難以理解了。這是因為我們欠缺相關的專業知識，不知道這個詞在這樣的語境下是什么意思。為了避免這種情況，需要多積累廣泛的背景知識，并在學習的時候充分調動起來。

　　物理學科其他常用詞匯：

　　力force

　　速度velocity

　　熱heat

　　溫度temperature

　　固體solid

　　液體liquid

　　氣體gas

　　晶體crystal

　　熔點melting point

　　凝固點solidifying point

　　汽化vaporization

　　蒸發evaporation

　　沸騰boiling

　　液化liquefaction

　　升華sublimation

　　凝華condensation

　　熱傳遞heat transfer

　　熱傳導heat conduction

　　熱對流heat convection

　　熱輻射heat radiation

　　吸收absorb(v.)

　　放出release(v.)

　　玻璃glass

　　磁體magnet

　　重力gravity

　　浮力buoyancy force

　　電electricity

　　正極positive plate

　　負極negative plate

　　電壓voltage

　　伏特Volt

　　摩擦起電electrification by friction

　　電路electric circuit

　　電源power source

　　導線wire

　　電鍵/開關key(switch)

　　電流electric current

　　燈泡light bulb

　　試管test tube

　　漏斗filter funnel

　　燒杯 beaker

　　量杯 graduated cylinder

　　GRE考試的高頻詞匯

　　waft scent, waving movement; carry lightly through

　　wage payment, carry on, engage in (war)

　　warmonger person who stirs up war

　　warrant authority, written order, guarantee

　　wary cautious

　　weave make (threads) into cloth

　　weigh measure hoe heavy smth is

　　whimsical full of odd and fanciful ideas

　　wince show bodily or mental pain

　　perfidy treachery; breaking of faith

　　perfunctory done as a duty withour care

　　perjury wilful fasle statement, unlawful act

　　pernicious harmful, injurious

　　persevere keep on steadily, continue

　　pertain belong as a part, have reference

　　pest destructive thing or a person who is nuisance

　　petulant unreasonably impatient

　　pied of mixed colors

　　pinch be too tight, take between the thumb and finger

　　pious dutifull to parents; devoted to religion

　　pique hirt the pride or self-respect, stir (curiosity)

　　pitfall covered hole as a trap, unsuspected danger

　　pith essential part, force, soft liquid substance

　　placate soothe, pacify, calm

　　plaque flat metal on a wall as a memorial

　　plea request

　　plead address a court of law as an advocate

　　plethora glut

　　pliant pliable, easile bent, shaped or twisted

　　plod continue doing smth without resting

　　pluck pull the feathers off, pick (eg. flowers)

　　plummet fall, plunge, stee*

　　plunge move quickly, suddenly and with force

　　poise be ready, be balanced, self-possession

　　ponderous heavy, bulky, dull

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